bejqhtman



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. W. BRIGHTMAN.

FURNACE.

WITNESSES flATTORNEYS loulhugnphsr, Wamngmn. u. c.

2 SheetsSheet 2.

(No Model.)

J. W. BRIGHTMAN.

FURNACE.

Patented May 26, 1885.

WITNESSES TORNEYS if Ui rrnn fi'rarns Parana? Orrin JOSEPH XV.BRIGHTMAN, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO N. \V. TAYLOR ANDFRANK E. BRIGHTMAN, BOTH OF SAME PLACE.

FURNACE.

Application filed December 26, 1883. Renewed January 21, 1855.

PIE1CIPICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 318,690, dated May 26,1885:

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, Josnru. W. BRIGHT- MAN, of Cleveland, in the countyof Ouyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new 5 and usefulImprovements in Furnaces and I do hereby declare the following to be'afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in furnaces, more especiallyadapted to the use of steam generators.

The object of my invention is to construct a furnace with an automaticfeed, that will cause a constant and regular discharge of coals into thefurnace.

A further object is so to construct the grates and other parts of themechanism that the coals on entering the furnace will first be coked andafterward passed on and added to the body of the fire, and that thegases generated in the coking process will pass over the fire andencounter such a degree of heat that they will be consumed, so that nosmoke will es- 2 5 cape.

A further object is to concentrate the body of the fire at the back partof the furnace,and thereby produce such an intense heat as will insurethe burning of the aforesaid gases as they pass, as they necessarilymust, this part of the furnace.

A further object is the employment of mechanism by means of which thefire may be'kept free from ashes and clinkers without the opening offurnace-doors or otherwise retarding the combustion in the furnace.

A further object is to simplify the construc tion andlessen the initialcost of smoke-cod suming furnaces, socalled.

0 With these objects in view my invention consists in certain featuresof construction and in combination of parts hereinafter described, andpointed out in the claims.

The smoke that passes in dense volumes 5 from chimneys when bituminouscoal is used in the furnaces is not only objectionable to the communityat large, but is a serious loss to coal-consumers,in that alarge percent. of the fuel is thus passed offunconsumed and wasted.

It is doubtful if smoke can be burned in an ordinary furnace by reasonof the great degree of heat required. The gases that produce the smokemay be burned by a degree of heat that is practicable to maintain insuch furnaces. For this purpose the heat at first should not be diffusedover too great a surface, but should rather be concentrated andintensified. To accomplish this I use inclined grates, the back ends ofwhich are the lowest, so that the body of coal across the back end (50of the furnace is much deeper, and the heat at this part much greaterthan if the coals were spread evenly over the entire grate-surface. Iflarge quantities of coal are thrown into the furnace at one time, somuch gas will be generated that it is impossible to consume it all. Ihave therefore invented an automatic feeding device that will dischargethe coal into the furnace with a constant and even feed. The coal as itfirst enters the furnace is spread .70 in a thin layer over the upper orfront end of the grates and in a condition most favorable for coking.The feeding of the coal thus provided for, the next important step is tohave a steady fire that will always give the required amount of heat.For this purpose I have first a reciprocating end motion given toalternate grates, by means of which the coal, after coking, is passed onand fed evenly onto the body of the fire at the back end of the furnace.By the same mechanism the lowerend of the reciprocating grates areraised and lowered with each movement of the grates forward or back, bymeans of which the clinkers are prevented from adhering to the grates,S5 and also the fire is kept free from ashes. A clinker-breaker isprovided that is operated by a lever extending forward of thefurnacefront, so that in the management of the fire no furnacedoors areopened or anything done to retard the combustion or make it irregular.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a view in perspective of myimproved furnace and attachments. Fig. 2 is an elevation in detail of aportion of the actuating mechanism. Fig. 3 is a view in perspective of aportion of the grates and clinker breaker and the devices for operatingthem. Fig. 4 is a view in perspective of the upper end of the two kindsof grates, and in dotted lines a por- I00 tion of a supporting-bar.

A represents a steam boiler; B, the furnace;

G, the furnace-front, )rovided above with the door (3, for access to theend of the boiler, and below with the doors 0, in front of the ash-pit,and provided with dampers c for regulating the draft.

B is the bridge-wall, and b an arch spanning the furnace and extendingfrom the furnace-front back about the length of the fur- This arch isdesigned to confine and reflect back and concentrate the heat in thefurnace, although it is probable that in many cases this arch might bedispensed with.

D and D are grates, that are supported by the cross-bars d and d. Thegrates D and D alternate, as shown in Fig. 3, and the latter areprovided with lugs (1 (shown in Fig. 4,) that hook over the upper edgeof the supporting-bar d, and hold these grates from sliding downendwise. The grates D have lugs at d toward the lower end, (shown inFig. 3,) that embrace the rod e, attached by the arms 9 to therock-shaft E, by means of which the grates D are reciprocated endwise upand down the incline, and are also raised a short distance in the middleof the throw by the said rod e.

Instead of the rod 6 and the arms 6, a rib of suitable shape might becast on the rock-shaft, that would answer the same purposes.

The rock-shaft is actuated by the lever E, attached thereto, that isoperated by the connecting-rod f, that is connected with the rockinglever F. This lever is pivoted so near the furnace-front that a shortslot only is neces sary in which to operate the said lever.

The lever F is operated by the connectingrod G, that in turn is actuatedby a crank on the end of the shaft as shown in Fig. 1. Power may beapplied to this shaft in any manner most convenient. The connectingrod hcouples the rocking levers F and H together, so that the latter isactuated by the former.

The lever His fulcrumed on theshaft I, and terminates at the front endin a hand-lever, and is provided on this side of the fulcrum with thehoop-paw1h, that engages the ratchetwheel I. that is attached to theshaft I. Each end of this shaft is provided with a crank, i, to' thewrists of which are attached, respectivel y, the connectingrods j, thatmove the block or coal-pusher J laterally. This block feeds or pushesthe coal from the hopper above into the furnace, and moving slowly andbut a short distance, and preferably with an intermittent rather than acontinuous motion, the said cranksi have amuch greater throw than wouldotherwise be necessary, and the connecting-rods j are slotted, as shown,so that they only engage the pins extending from the block J through thesaid slots at the extremes of their throw.

The motion of the lover H is sufficient to turn the ratchet-wheel, bymeans of the pawl, three notches at each throw; butwhen a slower feed isrequired the gage K, to which is at tached the incline 7c, is set sothat the said incline receives the pawl as it is thrust for ward, andprevents its engaging the ratchet until returning on the backwardmotion, and. may thus be made to turn the ratchet either one or twonotches instead of three, as may be required.

The gage K has a long slot, through which passes the bolt by which it issecured, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

L is the hopper in which the coals are placed, the back part of which isformed by the vertically-sliding plate L, and the bottom by the plate Z,on which the block J slides. The plate L is secured in ways or groovesat the ends, as shown in Fig. 1, and is supported from the shaft M bythe chains m. 0n the farther end of the shaft is a worm-gear, (shownonly in dotted lines,) and that engages a worm on the one end of theshaft N. The front end of this shaft is provided with the hand-wheel a,by means of which the plate L may be raised or lowered at pleasure,thereby'regulating the opening through which the coals are fed into thefurnace. WVhen the plate is raised to its full height, free access ishad to thefurnace for kindling the fire or other purposes, and bysuddenly raising the plate a large quantity of coals may be dischargedinto the furnace, as is sometimes necessary in banking the fires.

One of the pins in the rod h should be so arranged that it can easily beremoved, so that in starting the fire, or at other times if necessary,the lever H may be operated by hand. i V

The clinker-breaker O is a hollow cylinder extending across the furnace,as shown in Fig. 1, and journaled at each end, and has numerous hollowconical projections on the periphery, the holes'in which are in openrelation with the chamber in the cylinder, and by means of which air isfreely admitted to this part of the furnace when the depth of coals isthe greatest and the fire the hottest, and by means of which, also, thesaid cylinder andits projections are prevented from becoming overheatedand burned.

The hand-lever P is fulcrumed at the back end, and extends forward andthrough a slot in the furnace-front, and is provided with the pawl R,that engages either a ratchet attached to the said cylinder or the saidconical projections, and by means of which the said cylinder may berevolved by operating the said lever P.

A plate, S, is secured just back of the cylinder and out of reach of thesaid conical projections, and between these parts, (the plate and theprojections,) when the cylinder is revolved, the clinkers are broken anddischarged into the ash-pit below.

I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the constructionshown, as many changes might be made in the mechanism and stillaccomplish the same object andbe within the spirit of my invention. Forinstance, the clinker-breaker might be made of staves and fastenedtogether, and instead of the conical IIO ' for moving the grate-bars andoperating the coal-pusher.

2. In a furnace, the combination, with a series of inclined movablegratebars, a hopper, a coal-pusher located within the hopper, and theverticallysliding plate L, of the devices, substantially as described,for simultaneously operating the grate-bars and coalpusher.

3. In a furnace, the combination, with a series of inclined grate-barsand a bridge-wall situated at the lower end of said bars, of arevolvingclinker-breaker, situated between the bridge-wall and grate'bars, anddevices for operating the breaker, substantially as set forth.

4. In a furnace, the combination, with an inclined grate, a bridge-wallsituated at the lower end of the grate, and devices for automaticallyfeeding fuel to the furnace, of a hollow cylindrical clinker-breakersituated between the grate and bridge-wall and provided with air-escapeorifices through which air is fed to the burning fuel.

5. In a furnace, a hollow cylindrical clinkerbreaker extending crosswiseof the furnace and near the back end thereof, and provided with hollowconical projections, the holes of which are in open relation with thechamber in the cylindrical part of the clinker-breaker, substantially asset forth.

6. The combination of clinker-brcaker O, the plate S, the lever I, andthe pawl R, substantially as set forth.

7. The block J, in combination with the slotted rods j, embracing pinsor projections extending from the block, and actuatingcranks i, by meansof which an intermittent reciprocating motion is given to the saidblock, substantially as set forth.

8. The slot-ted gage K, provided with the incline 76, in combinationwith the pawl h and the ratchet-wheel I, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I sign this specification, in the presence of twowitnesses, this 7th day of December, 1883.

JOSEPH WV. BRIGHTMAN.

Witnesses:

O. H. DORER, ALBERT E. LYNCH.

